Levlen ED (Ethinyl estradiol/Levonorgestrel)

Description

Levlen ED is a combined oral contraceptive pill, consisting of the hormones ethinyl estradiol and levonorgestrel. Ethinyl estradiol is a synthetic form of estrogen, while levonorgestrel is a synthetic form of progesterone. These hormones work together to prevent ovulation, thin the uterine lining, and thicken cervical mucus, creating multiple barriers to pregnancy. Classified as a contraceptive, Levlen ED is approved to prevent unwanted pregnancy in women.

Directions

Levlen ED is a daily birth control pill taken at the same time each day, with 21 active pills followed by 7 inactive ones that allow for a period-like bleed. Starting the pack on the first day of your period gives immediate protection, but if started later, use another birth control method for 7 days. Missing two active pills in a row can lower its effectiveness, so if that happens, talk to a healthcare provider for advice.

Ingredients

The active ingredients in Levlen ED are ethinyl estradiol and levonorgestrel..

Contraindications

Avoid taking or using this medication if any of the following apply:

• A history of or current blood clots in the legs (deep vein thrombosis) or lungs (pulmonary embolism)
• Known vascular diseases such as heart attack or stroke, which can be linked to blood clot formation
• Recognized heart valve disorders or certain heart rhythm abnormalities that increase the risk of clotting
• Hypersensitivity to any of the components found in Levlen ED, which could result in severe allergic reactions
• Liver tumors, either benign or malignant, or active liver disease
• Unexplained vaginal bleeding that has not been diagnosed by a healthcare provider
• Known or suspected hormone-sensitive cancers, including breast or endometrial cancer
• Being over 35 and a smoker
• Uncontrolled high blood pressure, diabetes with vascular involvement, or severe migraines, especially with aura

Cautions

• Before taking Levlen ED, you may want to consult a healthcare provider about the following:
• Any existing health conditions
• Any allergies
• A list of all medications you are currently taking
• Whether you are pregnant or breastfeeding

• Levlen ED, like other combined oral contraceptives (COCs), may slightly increase the risk of deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, heart attack, or stroke. The risk is highest during the first year of use or when restarting after a break. The risk is higher if you smoke, are overweight, or have a family history of clotting disorders.
• Long-term use of Levlen ED may slightly increase the risk of breast cancer and cervical cancer. Rare liver tumors have also been reported. Most studies show these risks are small, and the cancers tend to be detected earlier in users. Notify your doctor if you experience severe abdominal pain or notice any unusual lumps.
• Levlen ED can raise your blood pressure. If you already have high blood pressure, diabetes, migraines, liver or kidney problems, or other health issues like lupus or inflammatory bowel disease, discuss this with your doctor before starting.
• Women over 35 who smoke should not use Levlen ED due to a higher risk of serious heart and blood vessel problems.
• Levlen ED may affect liver function. If you develop symptoms like yellowing of the skin or eyes, severe stomach pain, or dark urine, stop taking the pill and contact your doctor right away.
• If you develop migraines with aura or your migraines worsen, stop taking Levlen ED and see your doctor. Also, if you experience mood swings or signs of depression, let your healthcare provider know.
• Vomiting or severe diarrhea may reduce how well Levlen ED works. Follow your doctor’s instructions for missed doses or consider backup contraception. Always complete the full pack as directed, even if bleeding changes.
• Do not take Levlen ED if you are pregnant. The pill may also affect milk supply, so it’s generally not recommended while breastfeeding.
• Certain medications (like some seizure or HIV drugs, antibiotics, or herbal supplements like St. John’s Wort) can make Levlen ED less effective. Always tell your doctor about other medications or supplements you’re taking.
• Levlen ED does not protect against sexually transmitted infections (STIs) or HIV. Use condoms for STI protection.

Side Effects

The most commonly reported side effects of Levlen ED include nausea, abdominal pain, weight gain, headache, and changes in mood. Breast tenderness and breast pain are also frequently noted. These effects are typically mild and occur in 1% or more of users. In rare cases, gastrointestinal symptoms like vomiting and diarrhea may also occur.

Serious risks include arterial and venous blood clots, which may lead to heart attack, stroke, or pulmonary embolism. Other uncommon side effects include migraine, fluid retention, contact lens intolerance, and decreased libido. Skin reactions like rash or urticaria may appear, and rare cases of erythema nodosum or erythema multiforme have been reported. Women with hereditary angioedema may see worsening of symptoms when using estrogen-containing contraceptives.

References

1. Levlen ED (Ethinyl estradiol/Levonorgestrel) Consumer Medicine Information. Pymble, AU: Bayer Australia LTD; 2020.
2. Levlen ED (Ethinyl estradiol/Levonorgestrel) Data Sheet. Auckland, NZ: Bayer Group; 2023.

About Dr. Gerardo Sison (Page Author)

An honors graduate of the University of Florida, Dr. Sison started his pharmacy career in a community setting, extending his services to hospitals and clinics over time. He has also worked in medication therapy management, advising patients on proper medication use for their chronic health conditions. Read More....